Historia de Barcelona

Etiqueta: Guerra del Rif

  • «Carnicería y conflagración» después de la huelga de Solidaridad Obrera

    WOMEN FIGHT SAVAGELY.

    Witnesses Describe Scenes of Carnage and Conflagration in Barcelona.

    CERBERE, France, July 30. — The first direct dispatch from Barcelona since the fighting began there reached this place to-day, and is without date. It says:

    «Barcelona has been a perfect hell. Half the population is terrorized, and the other half is mad with blood. The troops of the garrison, amid shouts of approval from the mob, repeatedly refused to fire on the people, and the work of repression fell upon the police and civil guard. They charged the revolutionaries and used their firearms freely everywhere, but numbers were against them. As this dispatch is sent the streets are in possession of the barricaded insurgents. The destruction of property has been great. Barcelona is completely isolated and running short of food.»

    Exactly what stage of the proceedings this dispatch covers it is impossible to say.

    The officers of the steamer Scutari arriving at Marseilles to-day from Barcelona, which port they left Wednesday afternoon, say the collision between the troops and the rioters began on Monday morning immediately after the declaration of a general strike. The rioters tore up the pavements and built barricades behind which they fought desperately. The troops and civil guard took many of the barriers by assault, and by night had brought about some semblance of order. Rigorous orders were issued by the authorities, the people being instructed to remain in their homes on penalty of being shot on sight after dark.

    On Tuesday morning, the Scutari’s officers say, the streets were filled with cavalry, infantry, and artillery, who gradually cleared the principal streets and squares, notably the Rambla Santa Monica and [Plaza de Cataluña], placing the batteries and machine guns so as to command the adjacent streets. The loss of life during these operations was heavy. The rioters, as they were driven back, built new barricades as fast as the old ones were captured, and entrenched themselves in the suburbs of San Andre, San Antonio, [Badalona], and elsewhere, holding the troops at bay in spite of the raking fire of the artillery.

    Everywhere flames broke out from churches, convents, and factories, and the skies at night were scarlet with the reflections of the fires. During Tuesday night the rattle of musketry, the drumming of machine guns, and the booming of cannon were ceaseless, and fierce fighting was in progress when the Scutari sailed.

    All Convents Burned But One.

    Passengers just arrived at Cerbere from Gerona, who went to San Felice from Barcelona by sea and then on foot to Gerona, where they took passage on a train, say the revolution was in full swing when the left the City of Barcelona. The «House of the People,» the headquarters of the rioters, was razed to the ground by artillery, and all of the convents except one in Calle Caspe, which was defended by Jesuits and a civil guard, were burned.

    The Montjuich forts bombarded the Rambla and the Paseos. Ten thousand revolutionists were daily fighting in the streets under the direction of a Revolutionary Committee, which had charge of the movement. The Caldos Bridge was blown up by dynamite. At Lesomatin an armed civil body had thrown its fortunes with the revolutionaries and was holding the troops and civil guards at Barcelona.

    From other towns on the Franco-Spanish frontier come many reports confirming what has been said of the terrible fury of the women throughout Catalonia. At Barcelona they fought behind the barricades with the men, urging them to fight to the death. Everywhere they resisted searches by gendarmes for recruits for the reserves, barring the doors of their houses and firing at the soldiers from the windows.

  • La situación en Barcelona vista desde Francia

    CERBERE, France, July 27. — Travelers just arrived here report the situation at Barcelona grave. The civil Governor, when ordered to proclaim martial law, resigned his office. A regiment of infantry has arrived in the city from Tarragona to reinforce the garrison.

    Many deserting reservists are fleeing across the frontier. They say they are deserting because the war against the Riff tribes is solely in the interest of Spanish mining speculators.

    A train which arrived at the frontier this evening from Barcelona, escorted by soldiers, was attacked and stoned at Figueras…, where the rails have been restored. The troops fired into the attacking party, wounding serveral. The railroads have been cut between Gerona and Barcelona.

  • España al borde de una guerra civil

    SPAIN VERGES ON CIVIL WAR
    » Down with King!» Cry Mobs in Barcelona — Martial Law Throughout Kingdom.
    TROOPS JOIN IN REVOLT
    Refuse to Fire on Mobs and Disobey Officers at Front in Morocco.
    LOSSES HEAVY AT MELILLA
    Gen. Pintos and Other Officers Killed — Casualties Exceed 200 — Severe Previous Losses Reported.

    Special Cable to THE NEW YORK TIMES.

    LONDON, July 28. — Martial law has been declared throughout the whole of Spain, and in Catalonia, where the troubles are clearly revolutionary in character, the severest measures of repression will be enforced.

    The seriousness of the situation is sufficiently indicated by official dispatches which have passed the censorship, and which doubtless do not emphasize the worst features.

    The riots at Barcelona have assumed the character of civil war. The rioters’ barricades have been destroyed by artillery, churches have been burned, bridges blown up, and railways dynamited. News of serious losses to the Spanish arms at Melilla will add fresh fuel to the domestic conflagration.

  • Una matanza por el ejército acaba con la revolución en Barcelona; rumores sobre el futuro de Maura; la implicación de Lerroux en la revolución

    RIOTERS REPORTED CRUSHED.
    Principal Bands Rounded Up in Barcelona and Killed or Captured.

    MADRID, July 29. — It was officially announced to-night that the cavalry engaged at Barcelona succeeded in driving into St. Martin Square the principal bands of revolutionists, against whom the artillery opened fire, causing great losses. The survivors surrendered.

    The official statement further says that it now remains only to master small groups of revolutionists in the villages in the vicinity of Barcelona.

    Thus, according to official advices, the insurrection has been checked, but at a great sacrifice of life. After fighting desperately and successfully for a long time behind barricades the principal mobs were gradually driven to St. Martin’s Square, where they found themselves entrapped.

    Heavy detachments of artillery and cavalry came up and surrounded them. The artillery opened fire, mowing down the revolutionists, who sought to escape, but were met at every point with shot and shell.

    Those of the insurgents who were not killed or seriously wounded threw down their arms and surrendered.

    The insurrection continues in the neighbouring villages, where the troops are proceeding. The commanders of the soldiers are under orders to spare none who attempts to resist.

    New from Barcelona, the centre of the revolutionary outbreaks, is exceedingly meagre and unsatisfactory. From refugees at Lisbon comes the report that the revolutionists are using bombs and that 100 persons were killed and 200 wounded during the earlier stages of the conflicts.

    Premier Maura announced to-night that he had received more favorable reports from Barcelona, where the situation, according to this official statement, is slightly ameliorated.

    «The arrival of reinforcements,» said the Premier, «will permit the repression of outbreaks.»

    Throughout the day, however, advices received from various quarters indicated that the disturbances in Catalonia were quite as serious yesterday, although the Government has succeeded in getting troops through to certain of the disaffected points. The lines of communication, which had been cut everywhere in Catalonia, have in part been repaired.

    Premier Maura May Resign

    The report that a provisional Government has been established at Barcelona and that the civil Governor has been assassinated is unconfirmed, but rumors are persistent that Premier Maura will resign and that a military dictatorship will be set up in Madrid. However, reports that King Alfonso would form a military Cabinet, presided over by Gen. Weyler, are officially denied.

    [Situación malísima en Marruecos, movilización general del ejército, posición de las finanzas del estado]

    Señor Lacierva, the Minister of the Interior, announced to-day that any newspaper printing reports disagreeing with official information would be prosecuted and its editions suppressed. Since the declaration of martial law throughout Spain yesterday, the censorship over news has been more severe.

    PARIS, July 29. – […]
    Advices received at Hendaye from a conservative and exceptionally well-informed source in Madrid depicts the situation, both exterior and interior, as being more critical than at any time since the Cuban war.

    Although the Spanish Government seeks to create the impression that the movement in Catalonia is anarchistic and simply a protest against the war in Morocco and the policy of Premier Maura, there are the gravest reasons for believing that it is a general and widespread revolutionary outbreak, which a combination of Republicans and Social-Revolutionaries have been secretly and effectively preparing for a long time.

    A dispatch to the Journal from Madrid says that the revolution at Barcelona, it is alleged, was arranged by former Deputy Leroux, chief of the Republicans at Barcelona, who returned recently to Spain from Buenos Ayres.

  • La revolución, ¿ganando en Cataluña?

    BARCELONA RUNS WITH BLOOD.
    Fighting Continues and Reinforcements Are Blocked by Strikers.

    PARIS, July 29. — Spanish couriers from Barcelona arriving at Cerbere on the frontier report that artillery is battering the barricades, behind which the insurgents are fighting desperately. Heavy fighting is in progress on the Rambla, in San Anne Square, and the Calle del Espino.

    The gutters are running with blood. The number of dead and wounded cannot be estimated, but it is believed to be heavy.

    Attempts on the Captain General continue as he disposes the position of the troops.

    The Military Governor of Barcelona published a decree to-day ordering the inhabitants of the city to return to their homes. After twenty-four hours any one found in the streets is liable to be shot on sight.

    Many instances of soldiers refusing to fire on the mobs are reported. A Lieutenant of infantry threatened to shoot a policeman who was about to fire his revolver into the crowds.

    The Government forces, failing to make headway, ahve been obliged to act on the defensive, attacking only when absolutely compelled by the menacing position of the revolutionists.

    The situation is further complicated by the spread of the general strike ordered by the labor organizations of Barcelona two days ago. The indications are that the strike will spread to the provinces of Lerida, Gerona, and Tarragona, but no definite news has been received from these points.

    The terror-stricken people are fleeing from the larger towns to the open country and the small villages, where there is less exposure to danger.

    Five convents and several private residences have been burned at Llanza, where the excitement is growing.

    Grave events are expected at Figueras… Comparative calm had been restored when orders were issued to the recruits to report for duty. The entire population is preparing to resist. The Portbou express left Figueras this morning, but stopped at Llanza, where the track had been blown up by dynamite.

    At Junquera … telegraph poles have been chopped down. All places where public funds have been deposited are guarded by the military. Business is at a complete standstill. The merchants are panic stricken and are placing their funds in foreign banks for safekeeping.

    Advices from Granollers … state that two convents have been burned to the ground.

    At Cassadelaselva the civil guard was disarmed by the mob and imprisoned in the barracks. The call to the colors of the reservists of 1906 and 1907, who are on leave, was without result, not a single reservist reporting for duty.

    The situation in Barcelona is rendered desperate by the absence of a sufficient military force capable of putting down the revolutionists. This condition results from the dispatch of all available troops to Melilla. The garrisons throughout Catalonia have thus been reduced to 6,000 men, while the revolutionists at Barcelona and adjacent towns far exceed that number.

    The Government forces are also scattered by the need of quelling outbreaks at many detached points. The isolation of the province, owing to the destruction of railways, gave the revolutionary element and strikers forty-eight hours to make uninterrupted preparations to cut off the arrival of reinforcements. They are thus masters of the situation.

    The line from Madrid to Barcelona is a scene of desolation. Trenches many feet wide have been cut across the railway embankments in the country districts. The small bridges spanning the streets in several towns have been pulled down.

    The arrival of reinforcements, so urgently needed by the Government forces, is retarded by the destruction of railroads and the avenues of communication leading to the city. The revolutionists are heavily armed with muskets, knives, and revolvers. They have an effective organization and hospital equipment which promptly looks after the dead and wounded.

    The Government is now seeking to relieve the city by sea, as the land communications are interrupted. All available ships are being hurried to Barcelona.

    Whethere there is an ulterior political purpose behind the revolutionary uprising throughout Catalonia is not yet clear. Outwardly the movement is thus far a protest against the Government’s war policy in Morocco and its levy of large reserve for war purposes.

  • «Muchos extranjeros muertos, Ferrer también»

    FOREIGNERS AMONG VICTIMS.
    Many French and Italians Reported Among Dead, Wounded, or in Prison.

    LONDON, Aug. 3.–In a dispatch from Barcelona yesterday the correspondent of The Daily Telegraph says:
    «Gen. Santiago has started sending out forces to restore order in the neighboring towns and villages. The officers have been ordered to take swift and vigorous measures, but Gen. Santiago thinks that no serious resistance will be offered the troops.

    «Replying to a note sent him by the foreign Consuls stating that in the event of foreigners being endangered the Consuls would ask for warships, Gen. Santiago said that such a step would be needless, as he had sufficient forces to maintain order. He has wired Madrid that he needs no further reinforcements, and accordingly the brigades now under arms intended for Barcelona, will be diverted to Melilla.»
    The Daily Telegraph’s Madrid correspondent, in a dispatch sent by way of Biarritz, asserts that many foreigners, especially Frenchmen and Italians, are among the dead. The correspondent adds that it is reported that among those killed in the fighting was Señor Ferrer, former Director of the Modern School of Barcelona, who was regarded as the instigator of the bomb outrage upon King Alfonso and Queen Victoria in the Calle Mayor on the royal wedding day. Ferrer was arrested for complicity in the outrage, but was acquitted.

    Another Barcelona dispatch says order is almost completely re-established in Barcelona proper, but the trouble continues on the outskirts of the city, and that among the victims of the military courts-martial are two members of the Chamber of Deputies and eight Aldermen of Barcelona.

    At 1 o’clock in the afternoon life in the city and its suburbs was again normal. The newspapers were being published and work generally had been resumed. At the solicitation of the authorities, the employers have agreed to offer a premium of a week’s wages to every person coming back to work.

  • 175 voluntarios catalanes constituirán la base de la Legión de Millán-Astray

    En el banderín de enganche de esta plaza, se han alistado hasta ahora 182 individuos para el tercio de extranjeros. Entre ellos figuran tres argentinos, un argelino y un marroquí.

    En breve marcharán a su destino.