/ kalebeul / 2005 / 06 / 27 / the end of guangxu /
Here’s another daisy for my chain of Spain-goes-south posts, unlikely to be of interest to anyone at all, although the ads may amuse.
Vital Fité’s Las desdichas de la patria viewed China as an imperial basket case. Ricardo Beltrán y Rózpide in La geografía en 1898 (1899) explains why it was to remain so:
It was known that on June 16 Kang Youwei had advised the emperor to replace all his conservative ministers with young and progressive functionaries; spirits became still more heated, and a palace revolt was planned. Kang Youwei, who the protestant missionary Timothy Richards had brought up-to-date with contemporary history, made the emperor understand that China’s current weakness was due to its retrograde spirit. He showed him how France had arisen from the state of prostration in which it was left after the war with Germany, while China was recovering so slowly from the disasters of the Japanese invasion. He advised his sovereign to study the progress of Japan and of that of Russia under Peter the Great. He proposed employing Americans and British to implement reforms, because “asking the old ministers currently in office to reform the empire is like asking your cook to make you a suit or your tailor to make you a meal. Your Majesty manages to have a tailor to clothe him, a cook to serve him at table, a barber to shave him, and bearers for his litter; but in matters of the imperial administration, he employs civil servants who are as ignorant as they are incompetent and treats the country’s affairs as if they were of less importance than his own.” Such language would have cost the reformer his head a few years previously. The emperor replied that he was unable to change the functionaries because of the empress dowager [Cixi]. Kang Youwei encouraged him to form an alliance with England. Guangxu wrote him on September 16 to inform him that he had submitted his projects to the empress dowager. “She is furious and I fear being unable to protect my throne (against her projects). I beg you to consult with your associates and look for a way of helping me. I am very worried and await your aid with anxiety.”
Guangxu was right, and an ultra-conservative revolution swept away what little power he had. I suspect that Beltrán y Rózpide’s info came via Paris rather than Spain’s man in Peking or other sources, but I don’t know how well-publicised the whole affair was at the time. Oh, how I care, though.
Se supo que Kang-yu-uei había aconsejado (el 16 de Junio) al emperador que reemplazase todos los ministros conservadores por funcionarios jóvenes y progresistas; los ánimos se excitaron más, y se preparó la revuelta en palacio. Kang-yu-uei á quien el misionero protestante Timothy Richard había puesto al corriente de la historia contemporánea, hizo comprender al emperador que la debilidad actual de China se debía á su espíritu retrógrado. Mostróle cómo Francia se había levantado de la postración en que quedó después de la guerra con Alemania, mientras China reparaba con tanta lentitud los desastres de la invasión japonesa. Aconsejó al soberano el estudio de los progresos del Japón y el de los de Rusia bajo Pedro el Grande. Propuso el empleo de americanos y de ingleses para llevar á cabo las reformas, porque “pedir á los viejos ministros actuales que reformen el imperio es como exigir á vuestro cocinero que os haga un traje ó á vuestro sastre que os prepare una comida. Vuestra Majestad procura tener un sastre para que lo vista, un cocinero para que le sirva la mesa, un barbero para que le afeite, y conductores para su litera; pero en lo concerniente á la administración del imperio, emplea funcionarios tan ignorantes como incapaces y trata los negocios del país como si fuesen de menor importancia que los suyos propios.” Semejante lenguaje hubiese costado la cabeza al reformador si hubiese hablado algunos años antes. El emperador contestó que no podía cambiar los funcionarios por causa de la emperatriz viuda. Kang-yu-uei le animó á procurarse la alianza de Inglaterra. Kuang-su le escribió el 16 de Septiembre para manifestarle que había sometido sus proyectos á la emperatriz viuda. “Esta se ha puesto furiosa y temo no poder proteger mi trono (contra sus proyectos). Os ruego, pues, que consultéis á vuestros compañeros y veais la manera de socorrerme. Estoy muy inquieto y espero con ansiedad vuestra ayuda.”
Trackback link.
Tell me if the spam dragon gives you a hard time. Log in if you want to be really foul.
28 June 2005 at 4:56 PM
[...] entrusting project management to the French, it recalls imperial glory (we’re still daisy-chaining) and serves as an inspiration to future grandeur. Ricardo León’s [...]